6.16: Nomenclature

a1,a2	Weight factors k-value (permeability)	-
A	Surface	m^2
bpr	Projected width of the blade perpendicular to the velocity direction	m
ci ,c1 ,c2	Coefficients (non-cavitating cutting process)	-
cr	Coefficient side effects	-
cs	Wear coefficient	-
ct	Coefficient total cutting force (non-cavitating cutting process)	-
cts	Coefficient total cutting force including wear effects	-
ctr	Coefficient total cutting force including side effects	-
di ,d1 ,d2	Coefficients (cavitating cutting process)	-
dr	Coefficient side effects	-
ds	Wear coefficient	-
dt	Coefficient total cutting force (cavitating cutting process)	-
dts	Coefficient total cutting force including wear	-
dtr	Coefficient total cutting force including side effects	-
Esp	Specific cutting energy	kN/m^2
Egc	Specific cutting energy (no cavitation)	kN/m^2
Eca	Specific cutting energy (full cavitation)	kN/m^2
Fci	Cutting force (general)	kN
Fcit	Total cutting force (general)	kN
Fh	Horizontal cutting force (parallel to the cutting speed)	kN
Fl	Cutting force parallel to the edge of the blade	kN
Fn	Normal force	kN
Fv	Vertical cutting force (perpendicular to the cutting velocity)	kN
Fw	Friction force	kN
Fx	Cutting force in x-direction (longitudinal)	kN
Fxt	Total cutting force in x-direction (longitudinal)	kN
Fy	Cutting force in y-direction (transversal)	kN
Fyt	Total cutting force in y-direction (transversal)	kN
Fz	Cutting force in z-direction (vertical)	kN
g	Gravitational acceleration	m/s^2
hi	Initial layer thickness	m
hb	Blade height	m
k	Permeability	m/s
ki	Initial permeability	m/s
kmax	Maximum permeability	m/s
km	Effective permeability	m/s
K1	Grain force on the shear zone	kN
K2	Grain force on the blade	kN
l	Length of the shear zone	m
n	Normal on an edge	m
n	Porosity	-
ni	Initial pore percentage	%
nmax	Maximum pore percentage	%
N1	Normal force on the shear zone	kN
N2	Normal force on the blade	kN
p	Number of blades excavating element	-
p	Pressure (water pressure)	kPa
patm	Atmospheric pressure	kPa
Pcalc	Calculated dimensionless pressure (water pore pressure)	-
pdamp	Saturated water pore pressure (12 cm.w.c.)	kPa
Preal	Real pore pressure (water pore pressure)	kPa
p1m	Average pore pressure in the shear zone	-
p2m	Average pore pressure on the blade	-
Pc	Drive power excavating element	kW
q, q1 ,q2	Specific flow	m/s
Q	Flow per unit of blade width	m^2/s
s	Length of a stream line	m
s	Measure for the layer thickness	m
S1	Shear force on the shear zone	kN
S2	Shear force on the blade	kN
vc	Cutting velocity perpendicular to the edge of the blade	m/s
V	Volume strain per unit of blade width	m^2
w	Width of blade of blade element	m
W1	Pore pressure force on the shear zone	kN
W2	Pore pressure force on the blade	kN
x	Coordinate	m
y	Coordinate	m
z	Coordinate	m
z	Water depth	m
α	Blade angle	rad
β	Shear angle	rad
ε	Volume strain	-
φ	Angle of internal friction	rad
δ	Soil/steel interface friction angle	rad
ρg	Wet density of the sand	ton/m^3
ρs	Dry density of the sand	ton/m^3
ρw	Density of water	ton/m^3
θr	Angular displacement force vector as a result of side effects	rad
θs	Angular displacement force vector as a result of wear	rad
θt	Angle force vector angle in relation to cutting velocity vector	rad
θts	Angle force vector angle in relation to velocity vector including wear	rad
θtr	Angle force vector angle in relation to velocity vector including side effects	rad
Θr	Angular displacement force vector as a result of side effects	rad
Θs	Angular displacement force vector as a result of wear	rad
Θt	Angle force vector angle in relation to cutting velocity vector	rad
Θts	Angle force vector angle in relation to velocity vector including wear	rad
Θtr	Angle force vector angle in relation to velocity vector including side effects	rad