8.11: Nomenclature

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a, \(\ \tau_\mathrm{a}\)	Adhesive shear strength	kPa
A	Adhesive force on the blade	kN
BTS	Brazilian Tensile Strength	kPa
c, \(\ \tau_\mathrm{c}\)	Cohesive shear strength	kPa
c_m	Mobilized cohesive shear strength	kPa
C	Cohesive force on shear plane	kN
E_sp	Specific energy	kPa
F	Force	kN
F_c	Cutting force on chisel Evans model	kN
F_n	Normal force on chisel Evans model	kN
F_ch	Horizontal force component Evans model	kN
F_cv	Vertical force component Evans model	kN
F_h	Horizontal cutting force	kN
F_v	Vertical cutting force	kN
g	Gravitational constant (9.81)	m/s²
G	Gravitational force	kN
h_i	Initial thickness of layer cut	m
h_b	Height of the blade	m
K₁	Grain force on the shear plane	kN
K₂	Grain force on the blade	kN
I	Inertial force on the shear plane	kN
n	Power in Nishimatsu model	-
N₁	Normal grain force on shear plane	kN
N₂	Normal grain force on blade	kN
p	Stress in shear plane Nishimatsu model	kPa
p₀	Stress at tip of chisel Nishimatsu model	kPa
P_c	Cutting power	kW
Q	Production	m³
r	Radius in Evans model	m
r	Adhesion/cohesion ratio	-
r₁	Pore pressure on shear plane/cohesion ratio	-
r₂	Pore pressure on blade/cohesion ratio	-
R	Radius of Mohr circle	kPa
R	Force on chisel Evans model	kN
R_n	Normal force on chisel surface Evans model	kN
R_f	Friction force on chisel surface Evans model	kN
R₁	Acting point on the shear plane	m
R₂	Acting point on the blade	m
S₁	Shear force due to internal friction on the shear plane	kN
S₂	Shear force due to external friction on the blade	kN
T	Tensile force	kN
UCS	Unconfined Compressive Strength	kPa
v_c	Cutting velocity	m/s
w	Width of the blade	m
W₁	Force resulting from pore under pressure on the shear plane	kN
W₂	Force resulting from pore under pressure on the blade	kN
α	Blade angle	rad
β	Angle of the shear plane with the direction of cutting velocityrad	rad
ε	Angle of chisel with horizontal Evans model	rad
\(\ \tau\)	Shear stress	kPa
\(\ \tau_\mathrm{a}\), a	Adhesive shear strength (strain rate dependent)	kPa
\(\ \tau_\mathrm{c}\), c	Cohesive shear strength (strain rate dependent)	kPa
\(\ \tau_{\mathrm{S1}}\)	Average shear stress on the shear plane	kPa
\(\ \tau_{\mathrm{S2}}\)	Average shear stress on the blade	kPa
σ	Normal stress	kPa
σ_C	Center of Mohr circle	kPa
σ_T	Tensile strength	kPa
σ_min	Minimum principal stress in Mohr circle	kPa
σ_N1	Average normal stress on the shear plane	kPa
σ_N2	Average normal stress on the blade	kPa
φ	Angle of internal friction	rad
δ	Angle of external friction	rad
λ	Distance in Nishimatsu model	m
λ_s	Strengthening factor	-
λ₁	Acting point factor on the shear plane	-
λ₂	Acting point factor on the blade	-
λ_HF	Flow Type/Crushed Type horizontal force coefficient	-
λ_VF	Flow Type/Crushed Type vertical force coefficient	-
λ_HT	Tear Type/Chip Type horizontal force coefficient	-
λ_VT	Tear Type/Chip Type vertical force coefficient	-
ω	Angle in Evans model	rad