2.7: Nomenclature
- Page ID
- 33349
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Gs |
Specific gravity |
- |
|
ρs |
Density of the soil |
kg/m3 |
|
ρw |
Density of water |
kg/m3 |
|
g |
Gravitational constant (9.81 m/s2) |
m/s2 |
|
Mt |
Mass of the soil, total mass |
kg |
|
Ms |
Mass of the solids |
kg |
|
Mw |
Mass of the water |
kg |
|
Ma |
Mass of the air |
kg |
|
Vt |
Volume of the soil, total volume |
m3 |
|
Vs |
Volume of the solids |
m3 |
|
Vw |
Volume of the water |
m3 |
|
Va |
Volume of the air |
m3 |
|
ρt |
Density of the soil |
kg/m3 |
| \(\gamma_{ \mathrm{t}}\) |
Unit weight of the soil |
N/m3 |
|
g |
Gravitational constant (9.81 m/s2) |
m/s2 |
|
Dr |
Relative density |
- |
|
e |
Current void ratio of the soil in-situ |
- |
|
emax |
Void ratio of the soil at its loosest condition |
- |
|
emin |
Void ratio of the soil at its densest condition |
- |
|
n |
Porosity of the soil in-situ |
- |
|
nmax |
Porosity of the soil at its loosest condition |
- |
|
nmin |
Porosity of the soil in its densest condition |
- |
|
Vv |
Volume of the voids/pores |
m3 |
|
Vs |
Volume of the solids/grains/particles |
m3 |
|
n |
Porosity |
- |
|
e |
Void ratio |
- |
|
Ct |
Sorting coefficient |
- |
|
C |
Sorting coefficient |
- |
|
K |
Hydraulic conductivity |
m2 |
|
k |
Permeability |
m/s |
|
f(n) |
porosity function |
- |
|
C |
sorting coefficient |
|
|
de |
effective grain diameter |
mm |
|
d10 |
Grain diameter where 10% is smaller |
mm |
|
d60 |
Grain diameter where 60% is smaller |
mm |
|
U |
Grain uniformity coefficient |
- |
| \(\ v\) |
kinematic viscosity |
|
|
μ |
Dynamic viscosity |
Pa.s |
|
ρw |
Water density |
kg/m3 |
| \(\ \gamma_{ \mathrm{w}}\) |
Unit weight of water |
N/m3 |
|
Q |
units of volume per time |
m3/s |
|
K |
intrinsic permeability |
m2 |
|
k |
permeability |
m/s |
|
A |
cross sectional area |
m2 |
|
L |
Length |
m |
|
ua |
Start excess pore pressure |
Pa |
|
ub |
End excess pore pressure |
Pa |
|
μ |
dynamic viscosity of the fluid |
Pa.s |
|
c |
Cohesion |
kPa |
|
UCS |
Unconfined Compressive Strength |
kPa |
|
V |
The total volume of soil |
m3 |
|
ni |
Initial porosity |
- |
|
ncv |
Porosity at constant volume |
- |
|
ε |
Dilatation |
- |
|
σc |
Unconfined Compressive Strength |
kPa |
|
F |
Maximum Failure Load |
kN |
|
A |
Cross-sectional area of the core sample |
m2 |
|
E |
Deformation modulus |
N/m2 |
|
W |
Specific work of failure |
J/m3 |
|
σT |
Brazilian Tensile Strength (BTS) |
kPa |
|
D |
Diameter of the core sample |
m |
|
F |
Maximum Failure Load |
kN |
|
L |
Length of the core sample |
m |
|
IS |
Point load index |
kPa |
|
F |
Failure load |
kN |
|
De |
Distance between platen tips |
m |
|
De2 |
= D2 for diametrical test |
m2 |
|
De2 |
= 4A/π = for axial, block and lump test |
m2 |
|
A |
= W.D = minimum cross-sectional area of a plane through the platen contact points |
m2 |
| ρw | Density of water | kg/m3 |
| zw | Depth below the water table |
m |
| u | Hydrostatic pressure |
kPa |
| g | Gravitational constant |
m/s2 |
| σ1 | the major principal stress |
kPa |
| σ3 | the minor principal stress | kPa |
| \(\ \tau\) | the shear strength \(\ \tau\) = Su (or somtimes cu) | kPa |
| Su | the undrained strength | kPa |
| σ' | (σ - u) the effective stress | kPa |
|
σ |
Total stress applied normal to the shear plane |
kPa |
|
u |
Pore water pressure acting on the same plane |
kPa |
|
φ |
Effective stress friction angle or the angle of internal friction after Coulomb friction |
deg |
|
c' |
Cohesion |
kPa |
| \(\ \tau\) |
The shear strength \(\ \tau\) = Su (or sometimes cu) |
kPa |