4: Current Flow in Imperfect Conductors

4.1: AC Current Flow in a Good Conductor
In this section, we consider the distribution of current in a conductor which is imperfect (i.e., a “good conductor”) and at frequencies greater than DC.
4.2: Impedance of a Wire
The goal of this section is to determine the impedance – the ratio of potential to current – of a wire.
4.3: Surface Impedance
Surface impedance is a materials property that characterizes the AC impedance of a material independently of the length and width of the material.