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1.4: Materials Needed

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    This section will outline the materials you will need for the rest of the book. There are two types of materials you will need. The first will be a software program called Logisim, and the second will be physical parts needed to implement the circuits on a breadboard.

    \(\PageIndex{1}\) Logisim

    Logisim is a tool which is used to describe the circuits found in this book. Logisim is free and easy to use, and can be found at http://www.cburch.com/logisim/. There is a download link at that site, as well as tutorials and videos which can help you get started.

    All circuits in this book are implemented in Logisim, and can be found at http://www.chuckkann.com/

    \(\PageIndex{2}\) Hardware

    The following is a complete list of hardware that is needed to implement the basic circuits in the text. It is broken down into 3 sections; chips, tools, and miscellaneous parts. For a complete list of parts with part numbers from various retailers, please go to http://www.chuckkann.com.

    When buying the hardware, users will often have some of the needed material already on hand. Things like wire stripper, needle-nose pliers, and a small flat-blade screw driver are common items that many people will have readily available. Other items like wire or 9 volt batteries are often available from other uses. If you already own some of the parts or equipment listed below, there is no need to buy them again.

    Chips

    Except for the 7805 voltage regulator, all of the chips are standard 7400 series chips. For more information about 7400 series logic chips, see http://en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/7400_series. A complete list of 7400 series chips can be found at http://en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of...rated_circuits.

    The chips in this series represent most of the logic components and Integrated Circuits (ICs) that are needed to implement most digital logic applications. The numbering on chips is as follows: 74tttsssn

    where

    74

    indicates the chip is a 7400 series chip

    ttt

    the type of logic used. In this text, the following are valid:

    • blank - transitor-transitor logic (ttl)
    • HC - high speed CMOS
    • HCT - high speed CMOS, ttl compatible

    sss

    the type of chip. For example:

    • 7408 is a quad 2-input AND gate chip
    • 7432 is a quad 2-input OR gate chip

    n

    indicates the packaging of the chip. Only type n is used in this text

    For most of the 7400 series chips below, ttl, HC, and HCT chips can be considered interchangeable in the circuits in this text1. So for a 7408 quad 2-input AND gate chip, the following chips would all be valid:

    7408N, 74HC08N, 74HCT08N

    However the following chips could not be used:

    • 7408D - Any chip designated D is a surface mounted chip, and will not work with the breadboard. Other types of packaging might be encountered, and should be assumed not to be compatible.
    • 74LS08N - There are numerous technologies used to implement 7400 components. For this text, only ttl, HC, and HCT types of chips are recommended. Some types of chips (ACT, BCT, FCT, etc) would probably work, and others (LS, ALVC, etc) will definitely not work. For readers interested in a more detailed discussion of the chip technology, please refer to the Wikipedia page referenced above.

    To simplify the process of obtaining the correct chips, a web site is maintained at www.chuckkann.com/books/DigitalCircuits/kits.html. It lists a number of retailers who sell these chips, and the retailers part numbers for each chip.

    A complete list of follows.

    7805 5V voltage regulator

    1

    7400 quad 2-input NAND gate

    1

    7402 quad 2-input NOR gate

    1

    7404 hex Inverter (NOT gate)

    1

    7408 quad 2-input AND gate

    2

    7414 hex Schmitt Trigger Inverter (NOT gate)

    1

    7432 quad 2-input OR gate

    1

    7474 dual D positive edge triggered flip-flop

    1

    7486 quad 2-input XOR gate

    1

    74139 dual 2-line to 4-line decoder

    1

    74153 dual 4-to-1 Multiplexor

    1

    Important Note

    In this text all chips will be referred to using their generic numbers. So while the circuits in the text will generally use a 74HCT08N chip, the text will refer to the chip as a 7408 chip.

    Tools

    A few tools are useful to implement the labs in this text. The wire strippers are the only required tool, but needle nose pliers are very handy when doing wiring, and a flat blade screw driver makes it much easier to pry chips from the board safely. These tools are often in toolboxes that the reader might already have. If the reader does not have one or more of these tools, they should be obtained.

    wire stripper

    1

    needle nose pliers

    1

    small bladed screw driver

    1

    Miscellaneous

    A number of miscellaneous parts are needed to implement the circuits in this text. The number of types of these parts is limited specifically to keep the cost of the kits to a minimum. For example, the labs in the text use 4 colors of wire for clarity: red, black, yellow, and green. The kits below only include black wire. The reader can obtain multiple colors of wire if they desire, but the circuits can be implemented using a single color wire.

    Be careful of substitutions. For example, a 400 point solderless breadboard is cheaper than the 830 point solderless breadboard which is recommended, and a thrifty reader might be tempted to substitute the smaller board since it looks very similar. However several of the circuits in this text will not fit on the 400 point version.

    Wire, black

    		 1 25 foot spool

    830 point solderless breadboard

    1

    9V battery snap

    		 1

    9V battery

    		 1

    toggle switches

    		 4

    red LED

    		 3

    green LED

    		 3

    1k resistor

    		 1 package of 10

    0.1μf capacitor

    		 1 package of 10

    0.22μf capacitor

    1

    mini push button switch (tactile button switch)

    1

    1 The exception is the 7414 chip, which must use the ttl logic. HC and HCT chips are not substitutable.

    This page titled 1.4: Materials Needed is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Charles W. Kann III via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request.