# 9.6: Procedure


1. Calculate the voltage gains for the amplifier of Figure 9.5.1 for the $$R_f$$ values specified, and record them in Table 9.7.1.

2. Look up the typical slew rates for the three op amps and place them in Table 9.7.2.

3. Assemble the circuit of Figure 9.5.1 using the 22k $$\Omega$$ resistor and the slowest op amp.

4. Set the generator to a 1 kHz square wave.

5. Apply the generator to the amplifier and adjust the generator’s amplitude to achieve a clipped signal at the output of the op amp. Make sure that the edges of the waveform are sharp, and not rounded. Expand the time scale so that the rising edge fills the oscilloscope display. Measure and record the slew rate in Table 9.7.1.

6. Repeat step 5 for the remaining $$R_f$$ values in Table 9.7.1.

7. Set $$R_f$$ to 10k $$\Omega$$. Set the generator to a 1 kHz square wave.

8. Apply the generator to the amplifier and adjust the generator’s amplitude to achieve a clipped signal at the output of the op amp. Save a copy of the oscilloscope display showing approximately one cycle of the waveform. Measure and record the slew rate in Table 9.7.2.

9. Repeat step 8 for the other op amps in Table 9.7.2.

10. Using a peak sine wave output of 10 volts, compute the theoretical power bandwidth for each of the op amps in Table 9.7.3.

11. Set the generator to a 1 kHz sine wave.

12. Apply the generator to the amplifier and adjust the generator’s amplitude to achieve a 10 volt peak signal at the output of the op amp.

13. While monitoring the amplifier’s output signal with the oscilloscope, increase the frequency until slew rate limiting occurs (the waveform will start to appear triangular). The point at which slew rate limiting just begins is not easy to discern by eye. If the waveform is triangular, then the op amp is well into slew rate limiting. Gradually decrease the frequency until the waveform distortion just seems to disappear. Record the frequency as the experimental $$f_{max}$$ in Table 9.7.3.

14. Repeat steps 11 through 13 for the remaining op amps in Table 9.7.3.

## 9.6.1: Computer Simulation

15. Build the circuit in a simulator and run a Transient Analysis for each op amp used in Table 9.7.2, echoing steps 7 through 9. Be sure to set the time scale so that at least one but no more than two cycles are plotted. Compare these to the corresponding oscilloscope images and include the graphs with the technical report.

This page titled 9.6: Procedure is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by James M. Fiore via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request.