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- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/06%3A_General_Ethanol_Production/6.02%3A_Biochemical_Structural_Aspects_of_Lignocellulosic_Biomass/6.2a%3A_StarchWhen cooking with starch, you can make a gel from the polysaccharide. (A) This part of the figure shows polysaccharides (lines) packed into larger structures called starch granules; upon adding water,...When cooking with starch, you can make a gel from the polysaccharide. (A) This part of the figure shows polysaccharides (lines) packed into larger structures called starch granules; upon adding water, the starch granules swell and polysaccharides begin to diffuse out of the granules; heating these hydrated starch granules helps polysaccharide molecules diffuse out of the granules and form a tangled network. (B) This is an electron micrograph of intact potato starch granules. (C) This is an elec…
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/07%3A_Processing_to_Produce_Ethanol_and_Butanol_from_Carbohydrates_and_Enzymes/7.03%3A_Ethanol_Production_from_Corn/7.3a%3A_Composition_of_Corn_and_Yield_of_Ethanol_from_CornThe tip cap is where the kernel is attached to the cob, and water and nutrients flow through the tip cap. It is primarily composed of starch, at 62%. The corn kernel is also composed of protein and fi...The tip cap is where the kernel is attached to the cob, and water and nutrients flow through the tip cap. It is primarily composed of starch, at 62%. The corn kernel is also composed of protein and fiber (19%), water (15%), and oil (4%). If you factor in these two carbons, the starch can be broken into these components: amylopectin is 50% of the yellow dent corn kernel (80% of the starch) and amylose is 12% of the kernel (20% of the starch).
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/07%3A_Processing_to_Produce_Ethanol_and_Butanol_from_Carbohydrates_and_Enzymes/7.01%3A_Ethanol_Production_-_General_InformationIn this lesson, we will be discussing the production of ethanol (CH 3 -CH 2 -OH) and butanol (CH 3 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH) from starch and sugar. Here in the US, the current common method of ethanol fu...In this lesson, we will be discussing the production of ethanol (CH 3 -CH 2 -OH) and butanol (CH 3 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH) from starch and sugar. Here in the US, the current common method of ethanol fuel production comes from starches, such as corn, wheat, and potatoes. The International Energy Agency (IEA) predicts that ethanol will constitute two-thirds of the global growth in conventional biofuels with biodiesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil accounting for the remaining part (2018-2023).
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/02%3A_Existing_Fossil_Fuel_Technologies_for_Transportation
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/02%3A_Existing_Fossil_Fuel_Technologies_for_Transportation/2.05%3A_AssignmentsPower Hungry: The Myths of 'green' Energy and the Real Fuels of the Future. Powering the Future: How We Will (Eventually) Solve the Energy Crisis and Fuel the Civilization of Tomorrow. After reading t...Power Hungry: The Myths of 'green' Energy and the Real Fuels of the Future. Powering the Future: How We Will (Eventually) Solve the Energy Crisis and Fuel the Civilization of Tomorrow. After reading the two selections, answer the following questions in your discussion forum post: What does Laughlin (Powering the Future) think will be the best source of biofuel production and why? In your posts, make at least one point agreeing with the author and one point disagreeing with the author.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/09%3A_Biodiesel_Production/9.06%3A_Summary_and_Final_TasksIn a future lesson, you will be provided with information on the economics behind biodiesel and ethanol, as well as determining how much energy it takes to make biodiesel, versus the amount of energy ...In a future lesson, you will be provided with information on the economics behind biodiesel and ethanol, as well as determining how much energy it takes to make biodiesel, versus the amount of energy that is produced. Double-check the Road Map on the Lesson Overview page to make sure you have completed all of the activities listed there before you begin the next Lesson.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/07%3A_Processing_to_Produce_Ethanol_and_Butanol_from_Carbohydrates_and_Enzymes
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/10%3A_Algae_as_a_Source_for_Fuels/10.06%3A_AssignmentsPlease submit a rough draft of your final project by the specified due date in Canvas. To review, your project should include the following elements: The report should be 8-12 pages in length. It shou...Please submit a rough draft of your final project by the specified due date in Canvas. To review, your project should include the following elements: The report should be 8-12 pages in length. It should be in 12-point font with 1” margins. It is to be written in English, with proper grammar and as free from typographical errors as possible. You will lose points if your English writing is poor. The following format should be followed: Upload it to the Rough Draft Dropbox.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/00%3A_Front_Matter/02%3A_InfoPageThe LibreTexts libraries are Powered by MindTouch ® and are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the Californ...The LibreTexts libraries are Powered by MindTouch ® and are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/05%3A_Biomass_Pyrolysis_and_Pretreatment/5.03%3A_Pretreatment_of_Lignocellulosic_BiomassFigure 5.9a shows the structure of glucose; it is made up of C 6 H 12 O 6 . Glucose is distinguished by its structure: five carbons in the ring with one oxygen; CH 2 OH attached to a carbon; and OH an...Figure 5.9a shows the structure of glucose; it is made up of C 6 H 12 O 6 . Glucose is distinguished by its structure: five carbons in the ring with one oxygen; CH 2 OH attached to a carbon; and OH and H groups attached to the other carbons. In order to get to the cellulose, the cell wall has to be opened up, the lignin has to be removed or separated from the hemicellulose and cellulose, and then the cellulose, crystalline in nature, has to be broken down.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Alternative_Fuels_from_Biomass_Sources_(Toraman)/11%3A_Economics_of_Biomass_Production__Ethanol_Butanol_and_Biodiesel/11.03%3A_Economics_of_Butanol_ProductionIf all of the available residues of the corn along with the corn are converted to acetone-butanol (AB), the result would be the production of 22.1 x 10 9 gallons of AB biofuel – this is a yearly amoun...If all of the available residues of the corn along with the corn are converted to acetone-butanol (AB), the result would be the production of 22.1 x 10 9 gallons of AB biofuel – this is a yearly amount. This kind of information may convince a venture capitalist to contribute to the building of a butanol plant, especially if payback is in 5 years and the return on investment is 19.87%. However, this was a computer simulation, and would have to be updated for current prices.
