1.4: Anatomy of a Handler
- Page ID
- 43781
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)As we mentioned, the command line mechanism is open and can be extended. We will look now how at the handler for the eval option is defined.
Evaluating Pharo Expressions. You can use the command line to evaluate expressions as follows: ./pharo Pharo.image eval '1+2'
./pharo Pharo.image eval --help
Usage: eval [--help] <smalltalk expression>
--help list this help message
<smallltalk expression> a valid Smalltalk expression which is evaluated and
the result is printed on stdout
Documentation:
A CommandLineHandler that reads a string from the command line, outputs the
evaluated result and quits the image.
This handler either evaluates the arguments passed to the image:
$PHARO_VM my.image eval 1 + 2
or it can read directly from stdin:
echo "1+2" | $PHARO_VM my.image eval
Now the handler is defined as follows: First we define a subclass of CommandLineHandler. Here BasicCodeLoader is a subclass of CommandLineHandler and EvaluateCommandLineHandler is a subclass of BasicCodeLoader.
BasicCodeLoader subclass: #EvaluateCommandLineHandler
instanceVariableNames: ''
classVariableNames: ''
poolDictionaries: ''
category: 'System-CommandLine'
We then define the commandName on the class side as well as the method isResponsibleFor:.
EvaluateCommandLineHandler class>>commandName
^ 'eval'
EvaluateCommandLineHandler class>>isResponsibleFor: commandLineArguments
"directly handle top-level -e and --evaluate options"
commandLineArguments withFirstArgument: [ :arg|
(#('-e' '--evaluate') includes: arg)
ifTrue: [ ^ true ]].
^ commandLineArguments includesSubCommand: self commandName
EvaluateCommandLineHandler class>>description
^ 'Directly evaluates passed in one line scripts'
Then we define the method activate which will be executed when the option matches.
EvaluateCommandLineHandler>>activate
self activateHelp.
self arguments ifEmpty: [ ^ self evaluateStdIn ].
self evaluateArguments.
self quit.
In particular we define a class comment since this is this class comment that will be printed when the help is requested.
If you want your image saved at the end of an evaluation script, use the --save option just after eval.