10.4.2: Information Systems
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An object intended to perform information storage, transmission, or processing should avoid the errors that are inherent in unpredictable interactions with the environment. It would seem that the simplest such object that could process information would need two states. One bit of information could be associated with the knowledge of which state is occupied. More complex objects, with more than two states, could represent more than one bit of information.
Quantum information systems, including computers and communication systems, will be the topic of Chapter 13 of these notes.