4.2: Trees

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Mar 9, 2021
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- 4.1: Soil
- 4.3: Shelter

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Permaculture is permanent agriculture, and there is no plant that is more permanent in the landscape then trees. Trees are a foundational element of a stable and enduring Permaculture system. In the presentations below, we explore the characteristics of trees, and their typical patterns of use in Permaculture systems for the various climate zones. Explore the links below to gain a deeper insight into the many benefits of trees.

Trees are important for so many reasons that we’ve already discussed throughout the book. Trees are incorporated into Permaculture projects at all scales and in all climate zones. In the next series of videos we discuss the importance of trees and look at their use in the major climate zones.

IntroPermaculture-TreesPermacultureLandscape_Screenshot.png

A YouTube element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here: pb.libretexts.org/perm/?p=232

Intro to Permaculture: Trees in the Permaculture Landscape – Video Transcript

References

New York Times – Forest’s Role in Weather Documented in Amazon

Trees in Dryland Climates

Trees in dryland climates are tied into rainwater harvesting earthworks for their establishment. It takes extra water for a tree to get its roots down into the soil where it can survive on rainfall alone. So often times earthworks are constructed to concentrate storm runoff where trees can take advantage of excess water.

IntroPermaculture-PermacultureTreesDrylands_Screenshot.png

A YouTube element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here: pb.libretexts.org/perm/?p=232

Intro to Permaculture: Permaculture Trees in the Drylands – Video Transcript

References

Dryland Salinity
Dryland Salinity Mitigation and Trees

Trees in Temperate Climates

Throughout the temperate regions, there is adequate rainfall and trees can survive and thrive on their own without needing to divert excess water to them. Many temperate regions will naturally revert to forest anyway if un-managed. So forest management is a big part of designing tree systems in temperate regions.

IntroPermaculture-PermacultureTreesTemperateClimates_Screenshot.png

A YouTube element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here: pb.libretexts.org/perm/?p=232

Intro to Permaculture: Permaculture Trees in Temperate Climates – Video Transcript

Trees in Tropical Climates

Trees in the tropics are where nutrients are held, and they play a vital role in stabilizing the tropical ecosystem. The tropics are where we see the most pronounced forest layers, with tall and low canopies, and climbing vines.

IntroPermaculture-PermacultureTreesTropics_Screenshot.png

A YouTube element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here: pb.libretexts.org/perm/?p=232

Intro to Permaculture: Permaculture Trees in the Tropics – Video Transcript

References

Multifunctional Shade Tree Management in Tropical Agroforestry Landscapes – A Review
Characterizing the Traditional Tree Garden Systems of Southwest Sri Lanka

Additional Resources

Browse the links below to learn more about trees and their uses in the different climate zones.

Dryland

Restoring the Sonoran Desert at Barnes Butte Bajada by Gary Paul Nabhan and David Valenciano
Revitalizing Barren Ground: A Succession Model by Tim Murphy
Sonoran Desert Native Tree List
How to Plant a Desert Tree
Salt Tolerant Plants
Mongongo Trees in the Kalahari Desert

Video

Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration in Africa
30 Years of Greening the Desert: Flowering Tree
High Desert Permaculture: 15 Years Later

Tropical

Video

Willie Smits: How to Restore a Rainforest

Temperate

Video

Podcasts

Restoring Tall Grass Prairie and Tree Crops with Ben Tyler

Multi-Climate

Forests in Permaculture by Bill Mollison
Shelter Trees and Water Saving Techniques
Bioremediation Basics
Restoring Natural Stream Hydrology
Permaculture Design International Restoration Projects
Urban Experimentation on Getting Rid of Unwanted Plants in a Garden by Joel Glanzberg
Animals as a Discipline to the System
Tree Soil Companions in Three Different Climates
Nitrogen Fixing Trees to Cure N2 Deficiency

Image Sources

http://www.gettyimages.com/pictures/old-maple-tree-covered-with-moss-in-the-hoh-river-news-photo-452253482

http://www.gettyimages.com/pictures/baobab-tree-is-surrounded-by-reeds-and-stagnant-water-in-an-news-photo-133851151

http://www.gettyimages.com/pictures/agroforestry-man-picking-acai-fruits-sustainable-work-news-photo-524047246

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Trees in Dryland Climates

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Trees in Tropical Climates

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