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4.2: Trees

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    Permaculture is permanent agriculture, and there is no plant that is more permanent in the landscape then trees. Trees are a foundational element of a stable and enduring Permaculture system. In the presentations below, we explore the characteristics of trees, and their typical patterns of use in Permaculture systems for the various climate zones. Explore the links below to gain a deeper insight into the many benefits of trees.
    Trees.jpg

    Trees are important for so many reasons that we’ve already discussed throughout the book. Trees are incorporated into Permaculture projects at all scales and in all climate zones. In the next series of videos we discuss the importance of trees and look at their use in the major climate zones.

    IntroPermaculture-TreesPermacultureLandscape_Screenshot.png
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    • Intro to Permaculture: Trees in the Permaculture Landscape – Video Transcript

    Trees in Dryland Climates

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    Trees in dryland climates are tied into rainwater harvesting earthworks for their establishment. It takes extra water for a tree to get its roots down into the soil where it can survive on rainfall alone. So often times earthworks are constructed to concentrate storm runoff where trees can take advantage of excess water.

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    • Intro to Permaculture: Permaculture Trees in the Drylands – Video Transcript

    References

    • Dryland Salinity
    • Dryland Salinity Mitigation and Trees

    Trees in Temperate Climates

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    Throughout the temperate regions, there is adequate rainfall and trees can survive and thrive on their own without needing to divert excess water to them. Many temperate regions will naturally revert to forest anyway if un-managed. So forest management is a big part of designing tree systems in temperate regions.

    IntroPermaculture-PermacultureTreesTemperateClimates_Screenshot.png
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    • Intro to Permaculture: Permaculture Trees in Temperate Climates – Video Transcript

    Trees in Tropical Climates

    image

    Trees in the tropics are where nutrients are held, and they play a vital role in stabilizing the tropical ecosystem. The tropics are where we see the most pronounced forest layers, with tall and low canopies, and climbing vines.

    IntroPermaculture-PermacultureTreesTropics_Screenshot.png
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    A YouTube element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here: pb.libretexts.org/perm/?p=232

    • Intro to Permaculture: Permaculture Trees in the Tropics – Video Transcript

    References

    • Multifunctional Shade Tree Management in Tropical Agroforestry Landscapes – A Review
    • Characterizing the Traditional Tree Garden Systems of Southwest Sri Lanka

    Additional Resources

    Browse the links below to learn more about trees and their uses in the different climate zones.

    Dryland

    • Restoring the Sonoran Desert at Barnes Butte Bajada by Gary Paul Nabhan and David Valenciano
    • Revitalizing Barren Ground: A Succession Model by Tim Murphy
    • Sonoran Desert Native Tree List
    • How to Plant a Desert Tree
    • Salt Tolerant Plants
    • Mongongo Trees in the Kalahari Desert

    This page titled 4.2: Trees is shared under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Andrew Millison (Oregon State University, Open Educational Resources Unit) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.

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