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5.1: Traversal

Last updated

Mar 9, 2021
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- 5: Trees
- 5.2: Sample implementations for Tree Traversal

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Many problems require we visit the nodes of a tree in a systematic way: tasks such as counting how many nodes exist or finding the maximum element. Three different methods are possible for binary trees: preorder, postorder, and in-order, which all do the same three things: recursively traverse both the left and right subtrees and visit the current node. The difference is when the algorithm visits the current node:

preorder: Current node, left subtree, right subtree (DLR)
postorder: Left subtree, right subtree, current node (LRD)
in-order: Left subtree, current node, right subtree (LDR)
levelorder: Level by level, from left to right, starting from the root node.

Note

Visit means performing some operation involving the current node of a tree, like incrementing a counter or checking if the value of the current node is greater than any other recorded.

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