5: Information Security
- Page ID
- 58523
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- 5.2: Introduction to Secure Systems
- Threat classification; the concept of security as a negative goal; the safety net approach to security system design. Principles to follow for the design of a security system, and a basic security model that follows these principles.
- 5.3: Authenticating Principals
- Broad categories of methods for authenticating (verifying the identity of) a principal making a request. Cryptographic hash functions and their use in protecting passwords, as one of the most common methods of authenticating principals.
- 5.4: Authenticating Messages
- Authenticating messages in terms of both data integrity and origin authenticity; the difference between message authenticity and confidentiality. Closed vs open designs for authentication; shared-secret vs public-key cryptography; distribution of authentication keys.
- 5.5: Message Confidentiality
- Using encryption to ensure message confidentiality; how to achieve both authentication and confidentiality.
- 5.6: Security Protocols
- Considerations for designing security protocols for the distribution of keys. Comparison of the (incorrect) Denning-Sacco key exchange protocol with the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol, with and without a public-key system.
- 5.7: Authorization-Controlled Sharing
- Methods of authorization-controlled sharing: the simple guard model (ticket, list, and agency systems, protection groups); the caretaker model; non-discretionary access and information flow control. An example of the simple guard model system used by UNIX.
- 5.8: Reasoning About Authentication (Advanced Topic)
- More in-depth reasoning about authentication: authentication logic in hard-wired vs Internet approaches; authentication in distributed systems and across administrative realms; authentication of public keys and certificates, including certificate chains.
- 5.9: Cryptography as a Building Block (Advanced Topic)
- Some principles behind the cryptography transformations used for one-time pads, pseudorandom number generators, message authentication codes, hash algorithms, and public-key ciphers.
- 5.10: Summary
- Summary of the reasons why real-world computer systems are vulnerable, despite the past 7 sections detailing how to follow the design principles of building secure systems.
- 5.11: Case Study - Transport Layer Security (TLS) for the Web
- The basics behind Transport Layer Security (TLS), a common security protocol used to establish a secure channel over the Internet: the TLS handshake protocol, evolution of TLS over time, authenticating services and users with TLS.
- 5.12: War Stories - Security System Breaches
- Case studies: 15 examples of how the principles for designing a secure system can be violated, each error resulting in one or more real-world cases of a security breach. Includes examples of both digital and analog systems.