8.4.1: Formatting Output Continued
- Page ID
- 29079
\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)
\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
\( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)
\( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)
\( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)
\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}} % arrow\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}} % arrow\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)
\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Formatting using Manipulators
The second way you can alter the format parameters of a stream is through the use of special functions called manipulators that can be included in an I/O expression.
The standard manipulators are shown below:
- boolalpha: The boolalpha manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to turn on bool alpha flag
- dec: The dec manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to turn on the dec flag
- endl: The endl manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Output a newline character.
- and: The and manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Flush the stream
- ends: The ends manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Output a null
- fixed: The fixed manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on the fixed flag
- flush: The flush manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Flush a stream
- hex: The hex manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on hex flag
- internal: The internal manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on internal flag
- left: The left manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on the left flag
- noboolalpha: The noboolalpha manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns off bool alpha flag
- noshowbase: The noshowbase manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns off showcase flag
- noshowpoint: The noshowpoint manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns off show point flag
- noshowpos: The noshowpos manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns off showpos flag
- noskipws: The noskipws manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns off skipws flag
- nounitbuf: The nounitbuf manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns off the unit buff flag
- nouppercase: The nouppercase manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns off the uppercase flag
- oct: The oct manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on oct flag
- resetiosflags(fmtflags f): The resetiosflags manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns off the flag specified in f
- right: The right manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on the right flag
- scientific: The scientific manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on scientific flag
- setbase(int base): The setbase manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Set the number base to base
- setfill(int ch): The setfill manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Set the fill character to ch
- setiosflags(fmtflags f): The setiosflags manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on the flag specified in f
- setprecision(int p): The setprecision manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Set the number of digits of precision
- setw(int w): The setw manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Set the field width to w
- showbase: The showbase manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on showbase flag
- showpoint: The showpoint manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on show point flag
- showpos: The showpos manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on showpos flag
- skipws: The skipws manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to Turns on skipws flag
- unitbuf: The unitbuf manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to turn on unitbuf flag
- uppercase: The uppercase manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to turn on the uppercase flag
- ws: The ws manipulator of stream manipulators in C++ is used to skip leading white space
To access manipulators that take parameters (such as setw( )), you must include “iomanip” header file in your program.
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// performs same as setf( ) - adds the = sign to the output
cout << setiosflags(ios::showpos);
cout << 123 << endl;
// This takes the value 100 and turns it into a hex value (which is 64)
cout << hex << 100 << endl;
// Set the field width to 10 using setw()
cout << setfill('*') << setw(10) << 2343.0 << endl;
return 0;
}
Adapted from:
"Formatted I/O in C++" by Somil Singh, Geeks for Geeks is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0