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- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/31%3A_Fuel_Cells/31.5%3A_Solid_Oxide_Fuel_Cells_(SOFCs)The big advantage of the SOFC over the MCFC is that the electrolyte is solid and there are no pumps required to circulate the hot electrolyte. The operating temperature is between 600 and 1000 °C, dep...The big advantage of the SOFC over the MCFC is that the electrolyte is solid and there are no pumps required to circulate the hot electrolyte. The operating temperature is between 600 and 1000 °C, depending on the generation of the fuel cell (first, second and third, with decreasing operating temperature). The oxide ions diffuse through the electrolyte to the fuel rich and porous anode, where they react with the fuel (hydrogen) and give off electrons to an external circuit.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/30%3A_Finite_Element_Method/30.2%3A_Nodes_Elements_Degrees_of_Freedom_and_Boundary_ConditionsThe most common are shown in the figure below, along with the position of the nodes, where It can be seen that some of the elements have “midside” nodes – i.e. They fall in to three categories: Dirich...The most common are shown in the figure below, along with the position of the nodes, where It can be seen that some of the elements have “midside” nodes – i.e. They fall in to three categories: Dirichlet conditions – where you prescribe the variable for which you are solving; Neumann conditions – where you prescribe a flux, which is the gradient of the dependent variable, and Robin conditions – which is a mixture of the two, where a relation between the variable and its gradient is prescribed.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/12%3A_Creep_Deformation_of_Metals/12.01%3A_Section_1-Thus, for tensile tests, the tertiary regime may actually be a consequence of the fact that the true stress is rising throughout the test, with the rate of increase becoming greater towards the end of...Thus, for tensile tests, the tertiary regime may actually be a consequence of the fact that the true stress is rising throughout the test, with the rate of increase becoming greater towards the end of the test.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/01%3A_Analysis_of_Deformation_Processes/1.03%3A_Slip_Line_Field_TheoryThis approach is used to model plastic deformation in plane strain only for a solid that can be represented as a rigid-plastic body. Elasticity is not included and the loading has to be quasi-static. ...This approach is used to model plastic deformation in plane strain only for a solid that can be represented as a rigid-plastic body. Elasticity is not included and the loading has to be quasi-static. In terms of applications, the approach now has been largely superseded by finite element modelling, as this is not constrained in the same way and for which there are now many commercial packages designed for complex loading (including static and dynamic forces plus temperature variations).
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/28%3A_Ferroelectric_Materials/28.8%3A_Barium_TitanateCooling through 120°C causes the cubic phase of barium titanate to transform to a tetragonal phase with the lengthening of the c lattice parameter (and a corresponding reduction in a and b). The dipol...Cooling through 120°C causes the cubic phase of barium titanate to transform to a tetragonal phase with the lengthening of the c lattice parameter (and a corresponding reduction in a and b). The dipole moment may be considered to arise primarily due to the movement of Ti atoms with respect to the O atoms in the same plane, but the movement of the other O atoms (i.e.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/06%3A_Batteries/6.11%3A_Lithium_batteriesThe actual specific capacity, on the other hand, is usually calculated as the actual rated capacity divided by the weight of lithium in the cell (and quoted as mAh/g of Lithium) or, less frequently, a...The actual specific capacity, on the other hand, is usually calculated as the actual rated capacity divided by the weight of lithium in the cell (and quoted as mAh/g of Lithium) or, less frequently, as the ratio of the rated capacity and the weight of the cell (and quoted as mAh/g of the cell).
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Electrical_Engineering/Electro-Optics/Book%3A_Electromagnetics_II_(Ellingson)/00%3A_Front_Matter/PrefaceHere’s a list of talented and helpful people who contributed to this book: The staff of Virginia Tech Publishing, University Libraries, Virginia Tech: Acquisitions/Developmental Editor & Project Manag...Here’s a list of talented and helpful people who contributed to this book: The staff of Virginia Tech Publishing, University Libraries, Virginia Tech: Acquisitions/Developmental Editor & Project Manager: Anita Walz Advisors: Peter Potter, Corinne Guimont Cover, Print Production: Robert Browder Other Virginia Tech contributors: Accessibility: Christa Miller, Corinne Guimont, Sarah Mease Assessment: Anita Walz Virginia Tech Students: Alt text writer: Michel Comer Figure designers: Kruthika Kikker…
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/35%3A_The_Jominy_End_Quench_Test/35.4%3A_Uses_of_Jominy_DataIncreasing the carbon content increases the hardness of steels up to about 0.6wt%. At higher carbon levels, the formation of martensite is depressed to lower temperatures and the transformation from a...Increasing the carbon content increases the hardness of steels up to about 0.6wt%. At higher carbon levels, the formation of martensite is depressed to lower temperatures and the transformation from austenite to martensite may be incomplete, leading to retained austenite. The solubility of the elements varies between the different phases, and the interface between the growing phase cannot move without diffusion of the slowly moving elements.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/35%3A_The_Jominy_End_Quench_Test/35.5%3A_Example_Test_DataThe hardness of the samples was measured as a function of the distance from the quenched end to demonstrate the different hardenability of the two steels. The recorded hardness depends on the indentat...The hardness of the samples was measured as a function of the distance from the quenched end to demonstrate the different hardenability of the two steels. The recorded hardness depends on the indentation load and the width of the square indentation made by the diamond. Look at both the microstructures at high magnification, and try to observe the relationship between the volume fraction of martensite and the hardness of the steel.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/35%3A_The_Jominy_End_Quench_Test/35.6%3A_SimulationsAfter quenching the hardness profile is measured at intervals from the quenched end after the surface has been ground back to remove any effects of decarburisation (0.38mm is removed from the surface)...After quenching the hardness profile is measured at intervals from the quenched end after the surface has been ground back to remove any effects of decarburisation (0.38mm is removed from the surface). The hardness variation along the test surface is a result of microstructural variation which arises since the cooling rate decreases with distance from the quenched end.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Materials_Science/TLP_Library_I/06%3A_Batteries/6.04%3A_Primary_batteriesThe cell electrochemical reactions are not easily reversible and cell is operated until the active components in the electrodes are exhausted. Generally primary batteries have a higher capacity and in...The cell electrochemical reactions are not easily reversible and cell is operated until the active components in the electrodes are exhausted. Generally primary batteries have a higher capacity and initial voltage than rechargeable batteries. Good high and low-temperature performance; good shelf life High Energy density, good high rate performance High energy density; best low-temperature performance; long shelf life High energy density; good low-temperature performance; cost effective
