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- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/02%3A_Information_Technology_Sensors_and_Control_Systems
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)The discipline of Biosystems Engineering emerged from the traditional strongholds of Agricultural and Food Engineering with the goal of advancing engineering solutions toward creating a sustainable wo...The discipline of Biosystems Engineering emerged from the traditional strongholds of Agricultural and Food Engineering with the goal of advancing engineering solutions toward creating a sustainable world with abundant food, water, and energy, while maintaining a healthy environment. While the discipline has continued to grow, so has the demand for quality educational resources to teach Biosystems Engineering courses. The publication of this book marks an important step in meeting that demand.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/05%3A_Plant_Animal_and_Facility_Systems
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/05%3A_Plant_Animal_and_Facility_Systems/5.02%3A_Building_Design_for_Energy_Efficient_Livestock_HousingThe product \(M_{el}\cdot C_{el}\) is the lumped effective heat capacity of a building element expressed in kJ K −1 . For each building element (walls and roof) the amount or mass of material must be ...The product \(M_{el}\cdot C_{el}\) is the lumped effective heat capacity of a building element expressed in kJ K −1 . For each building element (walls and roof) the amount or mass of material must be known, and the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of a unit mass of the material by one degree Celsius.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/04%3A_Natural_Resources_and_Environmental_Systems/4.05%3A_Measurement_of_Gaseous_Emissions_from_Animal_HousingThe method chosen depends on the type of ventilation (natural or mechanical), the accessibility of the exhaust to make physical measurements, the level of ventilation rate, and the desired degree of a...The method chosen depends on the type of ventilation (natural or mechanical), the accessibility of the exhaust to make physical measurements, the level of ventilation rate, and the desired degree of accuracy. Implementing the different emissions measurement methods in an animal house requires the development of a protocol based on the objectives of the project, the specifics of the animal house, the interior environment, and outdoor weather.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/06%3A_Processing_Systems/6.02%3A_Principles_of_Thermal_Processing_of_Packaged_FoodsHowever, in practice, due to the resistance of the food to the transfer of heat, the thermal sterilization process requires a longer time in order to get a F 0 ≥ 3 min, because a significant part of t...However, in practice, due to the resistance of the food to the transfer of heat, the thermal sterilization process requires a longer time in order to get a F 0 ≥ 3 min, because a significant part of the processing time is needed to raise the cold-spot temperature of the food and later to cool the food.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/00%3A_Front_Matter/05%3A_InfoPage_IIThe work is published jointly by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) and Virginia Tech Publishing. ASABE is an educational and scientific organization dedicated to th...The work is published jointly by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) and Virginia Tech Publishing. ASABE is an educational and scientific organization dedicated to the advancement of engineering applicable to agricultural, food, and biological systems. They represent the views of the individual to whom they are credited and are not binding on the Society as a whole.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/01%3A_Energy_Systems/1.03%3A_Biodiesel_from_Oils_and_FatsThe alkyl chain length of fatty acids, the presence and number of double bonds contained in the fatty acid chains, and the position and orientation of the double bonds collectively determine the chemi...The alkyl chain length of fatty acids, the presence and number of double bonds contained in the fatty acid chains, and the position and orientation of the double bonds collectively determine the chemical and physical properties of the triglyceride. Since the application rate of the catalyst KOH is 1% of the soybean oil, before the quantity of KOH can be calculated, the quantity of soybean oil must be obtained from the stoichiometric ratio of the transesterification reaction.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/03%3A_Machinery_Systems/3.04%3A_Mechatronics_and_Intelligent_Systems_in_Agricultural_MachineryNormally, the calculation of the focal length requires knowing two main parameters of lens geometry: the distance between the CCD sensor and the optical center of the lens, d 1 , and the distance betw...Normally, the calculation of the focal length requires knowing two main parameters of lens geometry: the distance between the CCD sensor and the optical center of the lens, d 1 , and the distance between the optical center of the lens and the conveyor belt, d 2 . We know d 2 = 400 mm, FOV = 540 mm, and A, the horizontal dimension of the imaging sensor, is 6.4 mm, so d 1 can be easily determined according to Equations 3.4.10 and 3.4.11:
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/03%3A_Machinery_Systems/3.02%3A_Crop_Establishment_and_ProtectionIn addition to the rotational speed of the discs, a crucial parameter in defining the spreading pattern in a centrifugal spreader is the feeding position, i.e., the dropping position of the granules o...In addition to the rotational speed of the discs, a crucial parameter in defining the spreading pattern in a centrifugal spreader is the feeding position, i.e., the dropping position of the granules on the disc that, in turn, defines the time during which each particle is accelerated by the vanes and hence its launching velocity.
- https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Biological_Engineering/Introduction_to_Biosystems_Engineering_(Holden_et_al.)/02%3A_Information_Technology_Sensors_and_Control_Systems/2.01%3A_Basic_Microcontroller_Use_for_Measurement_and_ControlIn this part of the program, we define a few variables and constants that will be used later for the entire program, including the upper and lower thresholds of the optimal temperature range and the n...In this part of the program, we define a few variables and constants that will be used later for the entire program, including the upper and lower thresholds of the optimal temperature range and the numbers of the digital pins for the red, green, and blue LEDs inside the RGB LED, respectively.
